Gertrude Stein (February 3, 1874 – July 27, 1946) was an American writer and is considered to have acted as a catalyst in the development of modern art and literature. She spent most of her life in France.
Gertrude Stein was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania; she belonged to a family of well educated German-Jewish immigrants.
When she was three, the Steins moved for business reasons first to Vienna and then to Paris.
She returned to America in 1878, they would continue to visit Europe on vacation. Stein and two of her siblings lived with her mother’s family after death of their parents.
She studied at Radcliff Collage under the psychologist William James, during the summer she studied embryology at the Marine Biological laboratory and after Stein attended to Johns Hopkins Medical School but she never obtain a degree.
From 1903 to 1912 she lived in Paris with her brother Leo, who became an admired art critic.
During that time she started to write in earnest: novels, plays, stories and poems, she developed his own way to make her writings for example she used to be repetitive and humorous one typical quote are
“Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose “
She inevitably wrote patterns rather than linear sequences
Stein used many Anglo-Saxon words and few Latin-based words although she was Jewish maybe that helped that her work had a special essence.
She also used the present tense “ing “creating a continuous present in her work because of her work has often been misunderstood.
She wrote in “longhand “(typical writing not shorthand)
In 1907 she met her lifelong partner Alice B. Toklas who lived with her and Leo…
Alice would collect the pages and type them up and she founded the Publisher “Plain Editions “to distribute Stein’s works.
Stein and Leo compiled one of the first collections and modern art (Pablo Picasso, who became a friend for her).
Henri Matisse, Andrè Derain etc.
When Britain declared war on Germany in World War I, Stein and Toklas went to England.
In 1920 her salon at 27 Rue de Fleurus with walls covered by paintings attracted many of the great artist and writers including Ernest Hemingway.
Prior to World War II she made public her sardonic opinion that Adolf Hitler should be awarded the Novel peace prize because he is removing all the elements of struggle from Germany.
Gertrude was an openly homosexual feminist; she and Alice had to escape of persecutions probably because of their friendship.
1932 Stein wrote “The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas”, that book World become her first best-seller, despite the title it was really her own autobiography.
She died at the age of 72 form stomach cancer on July 27 1946 and was interred in Paris.
A monument to Stein stands on the Upper Terrace of Bryant Park, New York.
When she was three, the Steins moved for business reasons first to Vienna and then to Paris.
She returned to America in 1878, they would continue to visit Europe on vacation. Stein and two of her siblings lived with her mother’s family after death of their parents.
She studied at Radcliff Collage under the psychologist William James, during the summer she studied embryology at the Marine Biological laboratory and after Stein attended to Johns Hopkins Medical School but she never obtain a degree.
From 1903 to 1912 she lived in Paris with her brother Leo, who became an admired art critic.
During that time she started to write in earnest: novels, plays, stories and poems, she developed his own way to make her writings for example she used to be repetitive and humorous one typical quote are
“Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose “
She inevitably wrote patterns rather than linear sequences
Stein used many Anglo-Saxon words and few Latin-based words although she was Jewish maybe that helped that her work had a special essence.
She also used the present tense “ing “creating a continuous present in her work because of her work has often been misunderstood.
She wrote in “longhand “(typical writing not shorthand)
In 1907 she met her lifelong partner Alice B. Toklas who lived with her and Leo…
Alice would collect the pages and type them up and she founded the Publisher “Plain Editions “to distribute Stein’s works.
Stein and Leo compiled one of the first collections and modern art (Pablo Picasso, who became a friend for her).
Henri Matisse, Andrè Derain etc.
When Britain declared war on Germany in World War I, Stein and Toklas went to England.
In 1920 her salon at 27 Rue de Fleurus with walls covered by paintings attracted many of the great artist and writers including Ernest Hemingway.
Prior to World War II she made public her sardonic opinion that Adolf Hitler should be awarded the Novel peace prize because he is removing all the elements of struggle from Germany.
Gertrude was an openly homosexual feminist; she and Alice had to escape of persecutions probably because of their friendship.
1932 Stein wrote “The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas”, that book World become her first best-seller, despite the title it was really her own autobiography.
She died at the age of 72 form stomach cancer on July 27 1946 and was interred in Paris.
A monument to Stein stands on the Upper Terrace of Bryant Park, New York.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario